Additional interventions include weight management, water-based exercise and self-management as well as education as the core treatments for all individuals (McAlindon et al. However, the current OARSI guidelines list land-based exercise (strength or aerobic training) as a corner stone for the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis. Unfortunately, activity avoidance results in accelerated progression of the symptoms and loss of functional capacity. Further, knee OA has wrongly considered by many as a wear-and-tear disease and therefore exercising is considered dangerous and naturally avoid. As the symptoms progress the sufferer is generally forced to reduce their physical activity due to pain and joint restriction resulting in decreased fitness and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle as well as possibly obesity which is associated with numerous co-morbidities e.g. While characterized by the irreversible loss of articular cartilage from the condyles of the femur and plateau of the tibia, knee OA is considered a whole joint disease with changes seen in the synovium, ligaments, sub-chondral bone and muscles (Wieland et al. Osteoarthritis causes pain and decreased functional capacity and thus is a common reason for people to seek advice from physiotherapists.
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